May
1, 2021
NIS
A view of the original Temple of Solomon.
According
to the Biblical narrative, Solomon's Temple, also known as
the First Temple, was a Temple in
Salem (בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ: Beit
Ha-Miqdash) built under King Solomon’s reign and completed in
957 BCE. The Temple was looted and then destroyed in 586–587
BCE at the hands of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar
II, who also deported the Jews to Babylon. The destruction
of the temple and the deportation were seen as fulfillment of
prophecy and strengthened Judaic religious beliefs.
The Torah
describes how Solomon's father, King David, the great warrior
king, united the Israelite tribes, captured Jerusalem, and brought
the Israelites' central artifact, the Ark of the Covenant, into
the city. David chose Mount Moriah in Jerusalem as the
site for a future temple to house the Ark of the Covenant, today
known as the Temple Mount or Haram Al-Sharif. However, God
would not let him build the Temple, for he had "shed much
blood." Instead, his son Solomon, known for being an ambitious
builder of public works, built it. He placed the Ark in the Holy
of Holies, the windowless innermost room and most sacred area of the
Temple. In the Holy of Holies, God's presence rested. Only the high
priest was allowed to enter the room, once per year on the Day
of Atonement, carrying the blood of a sacrificial lamb and burning
incense.

NS
The Ark of the Covenant. Here carried by Levite priests, so named
after gold/MFKZT's levitational properties. IT will be placed in the
Holy of Holies, to power the Annunaki Space Centre.
According
to the Bible, the Temple not only served as a religious building but
also as a place of assembly for the Israelites. The Jews who had
been deported in the aftermath of the Babylonian conquest were
eventually allowed to return and rebuild their temple — known as
the Second Temple — but the building no longer housed the Ark,
as it had disappeared.
There
is a general agreement that a ritual structure existed on the Temple
Mount by the point of the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem; however,
serious doubts remain in attributing it or its construction to
Solomon, or any king roughly contemporaneous to his
lifetime. Scholars doubt the veracity of the Biblical account,
as no evidence for the existence of Solomon's Temple has been found,
and the Temple is not mentioned in extra-Biblical accounts (See our
article “Is Israel Really The Land Of The Bible?”). Artifacts
supposedly proving the existence of Solomon's Temple — an ivory
pomegranate and a 9th-century BCE stone tablet — have
turned out to be fakes. Many scholars believe that the
inscription on a pottery shard known as Ostracon 18, written
around 600 BCE, references the Temple in Jerusalem.
In
the Bible book 2 Samuel, Hiram I, the king of the
Phoenician city-state Tyre, becomes an ally of King David
following his conquest of Jerusalem. The friendship continues
after Solomon succeeds David, and a literary account of how Hiram
helps Solomon build the Temple is given in the Bible books 1
Kings chapters 5–9 and 2 Chronicles 2–7.
Hiram
agrees to Solomon's request to supply him with cedar and cypress
trees for the construction of the Temple. He tells Solomon that
he will send the trees by sea: "I will make them into rafts to
go by the sea to the place that you indicate. I will have them broken
up there for you to take away." In return for the lumber,
Solomon sends him wheat and oil. Solomon also brings over a
skilled craftsman from Tyre, also called Hiram or Hiram-Abif, who
oversees the construction of the Temple. Stonemasons fromGebal
(Byblos) cut stones for the Temple.
According
to 1 Kings, the foundation of the Temple is laid in Ziv, the
second month of the fourth year of Solomon's reign, and construction
is completed in Bul, the eighth month of Solomon's eleventh
year, thus taking about seven years. According to Flavius
Josephus, the Jewish historian, "Solomon began to build the
temple in the fourth year of his reign. On the second month, the
Macedonians call Artemisius, and the Hebrews Jar. Five hundred and
ninety-two years after the exodus out of Egypt, but after one
thousand and twenty years from Abraham coming out of Mesopotamia into
Canaan. After the deluge, one thousand four hundred and forty years;
and from Adam, the first man who was created, until Solomon built the
temple, there had passed in all three thousand one hundred and two
years."
After
the Temple and palace (taking an additional 13 years) is completed,
Solomon gives Hiram twenty towns in the Galilee as a partial payment
for goods delivered. But when Hiram comes to see the towns, he
isn't pleased: "What are these towns that you have given me, my
brother?" he asks. However, he remains on friendly terms with
Solomon.
The
Bible book 2 Chronicles fills in some details of the
construction not given in 1 Kings. It states that the trees sent as
rafts were sent to the city of Joppa on the Mediterranean
coast, and in return for the lumber supplied, Solomon, in
addition to the wheat and oil, sent wine to Hiram.
1
Kings 8:1–9 and 2 Chronicles 5:2–10 record that in
the 7th month of the year, at the Feast of
Tabernacles, the priests and the Levites brought the Ark of the
Covenant from the City of David and placed it inside the Holy
of Holies. (It is interesting that they alone had the very special
job of looking after the Ark.)
1
Kings 8:10–66 and 2 Chronicles 6:1–42 recount the
events of the temple's dedication. When the priests emerged from the
Holy of Holies after placing the Ark there, the Temple was filled
with an overpowering cloud which interrupted the dedication
ceremony, "for the glory of the Lord had filled the house
of the Lord [such that] the priests could not stand to minister"
(1 Kings 8:10–11; 2 Chronicles 5:13–14). Solomon interpreted the
cloud as "[proof] that his pious work was accepted":
The
Lord has said that he would dwell in thick darkness.
I have built
you an exalted house, a place for you to dwell in forever.
(1 Kings 8:12–13)
The
allusion is to Leviticus 16:2:The
Lord said to Moses, Tell your brother Aaron not to come
just at any time into the sanctuary inside the curtain before the
mercy seat that is upon the ark, or he will die; for I appear in the
cloud upon the mercy seat.
The
Pulpit
Commentary
notes, "Solomon had thus every warrant for connecting
a theophany with the thick dark cloud." Solomon then
led the whole assembly of Israel in prayer, noting that the
construction on the temple represented a fulfillment of God's promise
to David. The temple was dedicated as a place of prayer and
reconciliation for all people of Israel, including foreigners.
Highlighting the paradox that God, who lives in the
heavens, cannot really be contained within a single building. The
dedication was concluded with musical celebration and sacrifices said
to have included "twenty-two thousand bulls and one hundred and
twenty thousand sheep."
NIS
120,000 Sheep. I sure hope that they got to eat that sacrifice,
otherwise, that's a lot of yummyness gone to waste.
These
sacrifices were offered outside the temple, in "the middle of
the court that was in front of the house of the Lord," because
the altar inside the temple, despite its extensive
dimensions, was not big enough for the offerings being made that
day. The celebration lasted eight days. It was attended by a
"very great assembly [gathered] from the entrance of Hamath to
the Brook of Egypt." The subsequent Feast of Tabernacles
extended the whole celebration to 14 days before the people were
"sent away to their homes."
After
the dedication, Solomon hears in a dream that God has heard his
prayer, and God will continue to hear the prayers of the people of
Israel if they adopt the four ways in which they could move God to
action: humility, prayer, seeking his face, and turning from wicked
ways. Conversely, if they turn aside and forsake God's
commandments and worship other gods, then God will abandon the
temple: "this house which I have sanctified for My name I will
cast out of My sight."
Solomon's
Temple was considered to be built according to Phoenician design,
and its description is considered the best description of what a
Phoenician temple looked like. The detailed descriptions
provided in the Tanakh are the sources for reconstructions
of its appearance. Technical details are lacking, since the scribes
who wrote the books were not architects or engineers. Nevertheless,
the descriptions have inspired modern replicas of the temple and
influenced later structures around the world.
Archaeologists
categorize the Biblical description of Solomon's Temple as
a langbau building — that is, a rectangular building that
is longer than it is wide. It is furthermore classified as a
tripartite building, consisting of three units: the ulam (porch),
the heikal (sanctuary), and the debir (the Holy
of Holies). It is also categorized as being a straight-axis temple,
meaning that there is a straight line from the entrance to the
innermost shrine. The Holy of Holies, also called the "Inner
House," was 20 cubits in length, breadth, and height.
NIS
A description of the length of a Cubit. There is a lot said about
discrepancies in building measurements, the answer is very simple.
Everyone's forearm length is different. Its also odd that the
Annunaki, didn't supply us with a more standard unit of measure.
The
usual explanation for the discrepancy between its height and the
30-cubit height of the temple is that its floor was elevated, like
the cella of other ancient temples. It was floored and
wainscotted with cedar from Lebanon, and its walls and floor
were overlaid with gold amounting to 600 talents or roughly
20 metric tons. It contained two cherubim of olive wood,
each 10 cubits high and each having outspread wings of 10 cubits
span, so that, since they stood side by side, the wings touched the
wall on either side and met in the centre of the room. There was a
two-leaved door between it and the Holy Place, overlaid with gold;
also a veil of tekhelet (blue), purple,
and crimson and fine linen. It had no windows and was
considered the dwelling-place of the "name" of God.
The
Holy of Holies was prepared to receive and house the Ark; and when
the Temple was dedicated, the Ark, containing the original tablets of
the Ten Commandments, was placed beneath the cherubim.
NIS
The dedication and opening of, the new Annunaki Space Centre. It was
placed here in Jerusalem to try to protect it from Ra/Marduk, who
coveted it because of his father, Enki our creator, being slighted.